Social dynamics and space structuring in Las Pailas (North Calcha- quí valley, Salta) during the Late Period

Una manera de abordar los modos de organización de las sociedades pasadas es a través del estudio de su arquitectura y de la forma en la que ésta estructuraba el espacio y las relaciones sociales cotidianas de la gente que lo habitaba. A partir del año 2006, hemos trabajado en diferentes sitios asignables al Período Tardío (1000 – 1450 DC) en el Valle Calchaquí Norte (Departamento de Cachi, Salta) en función de un postulado fundamental: la materialidad y la espacialidad en la que se encuentran inmersos los sujetos son dimensiones activas de la producción y reproducción de la vida social y de las acciones e interacciones de las personas. Partiendo de este postulado teórico hemos sostenido que el habitar en los poblados conglomerados del Período Tardío estaba configurado por una arquitectura y un orden material que generaban la integración comunal, propiciaba la interrelación y el conocimiento entre los vecinos y promovía la homogeneidad social y material entre sus habitantes. En este trabajo se analiza en particular el caso del sitio Las Pailas (SSalCac18), a fin de entender la dinámica social que la espacialidad del asentamiento producía y reproducía.One way to explore past social organization is through the study of architecture and the way the built environment ordered both space and people´s daily social relations. Since 2006, we have studied different late-period (AD 1000 – 1450) archaeological sites in the Northern Calchaquí Valley (Cachi, Salta) based on a fundamental theoretical statement: people are immersed in a spatial and material order that actively produces and reproduces social life and their actions and interactions. From this theoretical perspective, we have claimed that daily life in the typical agglomerate sites of the Late Period was shaped by a built environment and a material order that generated communal integration, favored fluid interactions and knowledge among neighbors, and promoted social and material homogeneity. This paper analyses a particular case study: Las Pailas (SSalCac 18), in order to understand the nature of the social dynamic that the spatiality of this conglomerate site produced and reproduced.Fil: Kergaravat, Marisa Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Historia y Ciencias Humanas; ArgentinaFil: Ferrari, Alejandro Andrés. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Comunicación. Instituto de Estudios Americanistas Julián Cáceres Freyre; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Acuto, Felix Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Historia y Ciencias Humanas; Argentin

Attempted suicide: Study of the phenomenon in a sample of patients in the province of Modena

Introduction Attempted suicide consists in a self-damaging nonfatal behaviour, with an explicit or implicit evidence of the intent to die. It has a multifactorial aetiology: presence of psychiatric disorder, particularly major depression and other non-psychiatric components, like a series of stressful events. Aim To describe suicidal behavior among patients who attempted suicide. Methods Cross-sectional study. Patients admitted to three hospitals in the Province ofModena(Italy) after having attempted suicide were enrolled. Observation time: August 2015\u2013August 2016 (13 months). Descriptive statistics made with STATA 13.0. Results A total of 187 subjects (female 65%) were enrolled in the period of time considered. Forty-one percent were aged 45\u201364; 43.7% had higher education; 50.4% were unemployed; 49.6% had regular income. Common means to attempt suicide were drugs (64%), weapons (11%), precipitation (10%), other (6%), choking (4%). Recent stressful events were reported by the 83.4% of respondents, namely: family conflicts (29%), economic problems (17%), personal health problems (11%), health problems affecting a family member (5%), emotional separation (9%), job loss (7%), other (22%), alcohol abuse (27%), substance abuse (4%). The main psychiatric diagnoses were: depressive disorder (56.67%), personality disorder (20%), psychotic disorder (6.67%), bipolar disorder (5.33%), behavioural disorders (2.67%), anxiety disorders (2%), dementia (1.33%). Conclusions Findings of the present study are consistent with available literature and could help to identify \u201chigh risk\u201d groups to plan future targeted programmes

The Helicobacter cinaedi antigen CAIP participates in atherosclerotic inflammation by promoting the differentiation of macrophages in foam cells

Recent studies have shown that certain specific microbial infections participate in atherosclerosis by inducing inflammation and immune reactions, but how the pathogens implicated in this pathology trigger the host responses remains unknown. In this study we show that Helicobacter cinaedi (Hc) is a human pathogen linked to atherosclerosis development since at least 27% of sera from atherosclerotic patients specifically recognize a protein of the Hc proteome, that we named Cinaedi Atherosclerosis Inflammatory Protein (CAIP) (n = 71). CAIP appears to be implicated in this pathology because atheromatous plaques isolated from atherosclerotic patients are enriched in CAIP-specific T cells (10%) which, in turn, we show to drive a Th1 inflammation, an immunopathological response typically associated to atherosclerosis. Recombinant CAIP promotes the differentiation and maintenance of the pro-inflammatory profile of human macrophages and triggers the formation of foam cells, which are a hallmark of atherosclerosis. This study identifies CAIP as a relevant factor in atherosclerosis inflammation linked to Hc infection and suggests that preventing and eradicating Hc infection could reduce the incidence of atherosclerosis.Peer reviewe

Planejamento reprodutivo e a vulnerabilidade após o parto: uma coorte do sul do Brasil

Objective: it is to analyze the reproductive planning in the first year after the childbirth in women that keeps the healthy accompaniment in the primary and secondary attention. Method: it deals with a prospective cohort, which it was conducted with 300 women, in big towns of Parana State, Brazil, from July of 2013 to March of 2015. It was data used analysis through Qui- square tests. Results: it was verified association between contraceptive use, conjugal situation and earned income.  The children’s birth and Cesarean also are associated to the contraceptives usage. It was ascertained a statistics relevancy among the planned pregnancy with a woman being pregnant again. There was association between the registration in the health caring program and reproductive planning program, hormonal methods used in the health care access. It occurred a significantly statistics between the premature puerperal laboratory and inscription at the reproductive planning. Conclusion: it was verified the restriction in the implementation of sexual and reproductive health policies after the childbirth.Objetivo: analisar o planejamento reprodutivo no primeiro ano após o parto em mulheres que mantêm seguimento/acompanhamento em saúde na atenção primária e secundária. Método: trata-se de uma coorte prospectiva, conduzida com 300 mulheres, em município de grande porte do estado do Paraná, Brasil, entre julho de 2013 a março de 2015. Utilizou-se análise dos dados por meio do Teste Qui-quadrado. Resultados: foi verificada associação entre o uso de contraceptivo, situação conjugal e renda. A paridade e cesárea anterior também se associaram ao uso de contraceptivos. Verificou-se relevância estatística entre a gravidez planejada e estar grávida novamente. Houve associação entre inscrição no programa de planejamento reprodutivo e uso de contraceptivo, uso de método hormonal e acesso ao serviço de saúde. Ocorreu significância estatística entre a realização da revisão puerperal precoce ambulatorial e inscrição no planejamento reprodutivo. Conclusão: constatou-se restrição na aplicação das políticas de saúde sexual e reprodutiva após o parto

Highly efficient production of rabies virus glycoprotein G ectodomain in Sf9 insect cells

In the present study, we developed a complete process to produce in insect cells a high amount of the ectodomain of rabies virus glycoprotein G (GE) as suitable antigen for detecting anti-rabies antibodies. Using the baculovirus expression vector system in Sf9 insect cells combined with a novel chimeric promoter (polh-pSeL), the expression level reached a yield of 4.1± 0.3 mg/L culture, which was signifcantly higher than that achieved with the standard polh promoter alone. The protein was recovered from the cell lysates and easily purifed in only one step by metal ion afnity chromatography, with a yield of 95% and a purity of 87%. Finally, GE was successfully used in an assay to detect specifc antibodies in serum samplesderived from rabies-vaccinated animals. The efcient strategy developed in this work is an interesting method to produce high amounts of this glycoprotein.Fil: Targovnik, Alexandra Marisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Ferrari, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Mc Callum, Gregorio Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Arregui, Mariana Bernadett. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Smith, Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Bracco, Lautaro Fidel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Alfonso, Victoria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: López, María Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Martínez Solís, María. Universidad de Valencia. Estructura de Investigación Interdisciplinar en Biotecnología y Biomedicina; EspañaFil: Herrero, Salvador. Universidad de Valencia. Estructura de Investigación Interdisciplinar en Biotecnología y Biomedicina; EspañaFil: Miranda, María Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; Argentin

Fall prevention intervention technologies: A conceptual framework and survey of the state of the art

In recent years, an ever increasing range of technology-based applications have been developed with the goal of assisting in the delivery of more effective and efficient fall prevention interventions. Whilst there have been a number of studies that have surveyed technologies for a particular sub-domain of fall prevention, there is no existing research which surveys the full spectrum of falls prevention interventions and characterises the range of technologies that have augmented this landscape. This study presents a conceptual framework and survey of the state of the art of technology-based fall prevention systems which is derived from a systematic template analysis of studies presented in contemporary research literature. The framework proposes four broad categories of fall prevention intervention system: Pre-fall prevention; Post-fall prevention; Fall injury prevention; Cross-fall prevention. Other categories include, Application type, Technology deployment platform, Information sources, Deployment environment, User interface type, and Collaborative function. After presenting the conceptual framework, a detailed survey of the state of the art is presented as a function of the proposed framework. A number of research challenges emerge as a result of surveying the research literature, which include a need for: new systems that focus on overcoming extrinsic falls risk factors; systems that support the environmental risk assessment process; systems that enable patients and practitioners to develop more collaborative relationships and engage in shared decision making during falls risk assessment and prevention activities. In response to these challenges, recommendations and future research directions are proposed to overcome each respective challenge.The Royal Society, grant Ref: RG13082

Pré-natal: preparo para o parto na atenção primária à saúde no sul do Brasil

Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre assistência pré-natal e orientações para o parto na Atenção Primária à Saúde.Métodos: Estudo transversal com 358 puérperas de maternidade pública do sul do Brasil. Coleta de dados realizada de julho a outubro de 2013, com transcrição de dados do cartão de pré-natal e entrevista estruturada. Dados analizados pelo Teste Qui-quadrado (p≤0,05). Resultados: O pré-natal teve alta cobertura (85,5%) e início precoce em 71,8% das mulheres, porém 52% destas não receberam orientação para o parto. Houve associação estatística entre o recebimento de orientação para o parto e menor número de consultas (p=0,028), maior intervalo entre a última consulta pré-natal e o parto (p=0,002) e classificação do cuidado pré-natal como intermediário e inadequado (p=0,024).Conclusões: Apesar da oferta ideal do número de consultas, a qualidade do cuidado foi classificada como intermediária ou inadequada e evidenciou-se acesso precário a orientações para o parto durante o pré-natal.Palavras-chave: Cuidado pré-natal. Parto. Educação em saúde. Enfermagem obstétrica

Children at birth, children growing up. Integration between healthcare and family educational care

AbstractThis research is based on the assumption that in order to improve the quality of life of children with major health problems in the early stage of their life, especially in the case of disability, it is necessary to ensure the continuity and proper two-way integration of early childhood educational planning and health care, both provided by the adults involved, that is parents and professionals. Therefore, we tried to explore and piece together the complex set of family support experiences, both in the process of forming an attachment and affiliation to the newborn and in the construction of a common evolutionary history, aimed at the well-being of the entire family unit. We considered the context and actors of the first few days and months in the lives of children with a difficult life course, in a city of Northern Italy. By means of qualitative investigation, we carried out observations in the neonatal intensive care units of hospitals over a period of 10months. Our observations continued in the local healthcare, social, and educational services, entrusted with providing care to children and support to parents after hospital discharge. We also carried out observations in nursery schools, in order to highlight early forms of individualised educational planning, drawn up by the educators together with the family